Ang male infertility ay tumutukoy sa kakulangan ng kakayahan ng lalaki na magbuntis ng partner, kahit regular na pagtatalik at walang problema sa babae. Sa Pilipinas, 40% ng mga kaso ng infertility ay may kaugnayan sa sperm quality, hormone, o lifestyle ng lalaki. Sa blog na ito, malalaman mo ang mga pangunahing sanhi, diagnostic steps, therapy options, at practical tips para sa Filipino couples.
Primary at Secondary Infertility
Primary infertility: Hindi pa nagkakaroon ng anak kailanman.
Secondary infertility: Nagkaroon na ng anak, pero hindi na muling magbuntis.
Pangunahing Sanhi ng Male Infertility
- Varicocele: Namamagang ugat sa bayag, nagdudulot ng init at nasisira ang sperm maturation. Diagnosis: ultrasound. Therapy: surgery o embolization.
- Hormonal imbalance: Mababa ang testosterone, abnormal LH/FSH. Diagnosis: blood test. Therapy: hormone replacement o pag-adjust ng gamot.
- Genetic factors: Klinefelter syndrome, Y-chromosome microdeletion. Diagnosis: genetic test. Therapy: genetic counseling.
- Infection: Chlamydia, gonorrhea, mumps. Diagnosis: urine/antibody test. Therapy: antibiotics o antivirals.
- Ejaculation/erection problems: Retrograde ejaculation, erectile dysfunction. Diagnosis: urology assessment. Therapy: gamot, injection, counseling.
- Metabolic diseases: Diabetes, obesity, liver/kidney disease. Diagnosis: blood sugar, BMI. Therapy: lifestyle change, disease management.
- Overweight & nutrition: Mataas na body fat, poor diet. Therapy: antioxidants (berries, nuts, gulay), balanced macros.
- Environmental factors: Chemicals, pesticides, heat. Therapy: iwasan ang exposure, gumamit ng protective gear.
- Sperm DNA damage: Oxidative stress, DNA fragmentation. Diagnosis: DNA test. Therapy: antioxidants, stress management.
- Congenital defects: Undescended testis, duct anomalies. Diagnosis: physical exam. Therapy: surgery o assisted reproduction.
Mga Lifestyle Recommendation
- Exercise: 150 min/week ng moderate activity
- Healthy diet: Prutas, gulay, nuts, whole grains
- Weight management: BMI 20–25
- Sleep & stress: 7–8 hours sleep, meditation, stress reduction
Diagnostic Steps
- Sperm analysis (WHO standard)
- Hormone profile (Testosterone, LH, FSH, TSH, Prolactin)
- Ultrasound ng bayag
- Infection screening (Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Mumps)
- Genetic tests kung abnormal ang findings
- Varicocele assessment
Therapy at Reproductive Techniques
Surgery, hormone therapy, at assisted reproduction (IUI, IVF, ICSI) ay options depende sa sanhi. Sa ICSI, isang sperm ang direktang inilalagay sa egg—mainam para sa mababang sperm count.
Checklist para sa Clinic Visit
- Dalhin ang sperm analysis at hormone results
- Magpa-appointment sa urologist/andrologist
- I-check ang PhilHealth o insurance coverage
Konklusyon
Ang male infertility ay maraming sanhi pero kadalasan ay nagagamot. Maagang diagnosis, tamang therapy, at healthy lifestyle ay susi sa mas mataas na chance magka-anak. Kumonsulta agad sa espesyalista at gamitin ang modernong reproductive options sa Pilipinas.